The Most Important Features of a Social System - 1435 Words

The Most Important Features of a Social System A social system as a concept in sociological theory is one of great importance and indeed necessary. As a theoretical concept and component of theoretical explanation, it highlights the intricate nature of the society we live in. (Craib 1992) Talcott Parsons, a dominant functionalist theorist, focused much of his work on the concept of a social system. (Water 1994) Such a concept is indeed synonymous with his work. Whilst there is no universal sociological definition of the concept, Parsons defined a social system as: a plurality of individual actors interacting with each other in a situation which has at least a physical or environmental aspect, actors who are motivated in terms of the†¦show more content†¦(Collins 1988) The structural elements of social system are treated as constants over certain ranges of variation. These four types of independently variable components include role (A), collectivity (G), norms (I) and value (L). (Waters 1994) These roughly cover the social structure from individual to social system and form the fundamental integrating principle in society. (Deflem 1998) Put simply, if members of society are committed to the same values, they share a common identity, which provides a basis for unity and cooperation, and common goals. Values provide a general conception of what is desirable and worthwhile. (Wallace et al 1999) Goals provide the direction in specific situations, while a common goal provides an incentive for cooperation. Role provides a means whereby values and goals are translated into action. The content of roles is structured in terms of norms which define the rights and obligations. (Wallace et al 1999) Norms are then seen as specific expressions of values which tend to ensure that role behaviour is standardised. These are referred to as system needs and are essential to the functioning of the social system. (Wallace et al 1999) It is here that one can identify Parsons use of many concepts. A feature of his theory is indeed the conceptual relationships he establishes. (Craib 1992) The interpenetrating and interdependency of the subsystems are imperative to Parsons social system and evidently form anShow MoreRelatedAncient China s Development And Growth Of A Successful Ancient Chinese Society1349 Words   |  6 Pagesreach a level of social development and organization. During the Han (206 BC-220 AD) and Qin (221 BC-207 BC) dynasties, Ancient China became unified. The Chinese developed a strong government and powerful empire with the help of its geography, social hierarchy, and belief system. The geography provided protection and goods necessary for survival and trade. The social hierarchy affected the ways of life of the people by determining their wealth and education. The belief system influenced the choicesRead MoreGeography : The Five Themes Of Geography740 Words   |  3 Pagesphysical features of the Earth and its atmosphere, and of human activity as it affects and is affected by these, including the distribution of populations and resources, land us e, and industries. We study Geography to understand basic physical systems that affect everyday life. Also, to understand the geography of past times and how geography has played important roles in the evolution of people, their ideas, places and environment. Geography is a very important link between the natural and social sciencesRead MoreThe Invention Of The Smartphone1700 Words   |  7 Pageson google. Now smartphones have become an important thing for people. So, that it becomes a part of their life because it patronages their activities. For connecting with their job, family, friends they need to keep it. That’s why, smartphones have become the best solution for them because smartphones have more computing ability and communicational than contemporary feature phones. These are some of the important reasons why smartphones are a great feature of technology. Our lives would be very differentRead MoreFinancial Returns And Tangible Services845 Words   |  4 Pagescars, and other noncash bonuses (The SHRM learning system (2014 ed., Vol. 4)). Straight salary is the least used compensation package. The employees who benefit from this are often focused on customer service rather than sales. This type of sales force is difficult to measure because everyone works together. There is not one individual who takes credit for the sales. All sales are a joint effort in this long sales cycle (The SHRM learning system (2014 ed., Vol. 4). (2014)). Straight commission isRead MoreLinkedin Was Founded On December 28, 2002 By Reid Hoffman1543 Words   |  7 PagesLinkedIn was founded on December 28, 2002 by Reid Hoffman which is a professional social networking website that operates both on websites and on mobile apps. Some of the main features it includes are – employers posting jobs to help job-seekers to find their dream job. It allows employers, workers, students and job-seekers to create profiles and build connection to maintain professional relationship. Currently, it has 106 million active users and 467 million accounts. LinkedIn uses advanced algorithmsRead MoreOnline Social Networking Service Created By Paul Budnitz And Todd Berger1034 Words   |  5 PagesEllo is an online social networking service created in 2014 by Paul Budnitz and Todd Berger. This website was created as an ad-free replacement for the existing social media networks such as Facebook and Pinterest. Ello’s manifesto as mentioned on its website is that â€Å"we believe in beauty, simplicity, and transparency. We believe that the people who make things and the people who use them should be in partnership.† Ello is designed by creators, for creators. It is not a service to sell or buy productsRead MoreThe, By Frederick Schauer s Paper, Was Austin Right After All?1551 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen vastly overlooked in the wake of H.L.A Hart’s critique of John Austin’s work on legal positivism. Second, those who aim to study the philosophical nature of law would be better to examine what makes law truly import ant and distinctive rather than the necessary and mandatory features of law. In this paper, I will begin by describing Austin’s account of the nature of law. Then, I will explore Hart’s criticisms of Austin’s account that Schauer objects to before delving into Schauer’s argument. ToRead MoreChallenges of Development in Sumer and Egypt Essay968 Words   |  4 PagesEgypt reveals one challenge facing human social development: geography and environmental features tend to shape the patterns of civilizations. Although the civilization of Sumer was prosperous and powerful, its geographical features ultimately weakened Sumer, exposing its vulnerability to invasion by neighboring civilizations. Egypt was similar to Mesopotamian civilizations in many ways, but Egypt’s distinct differences led to a distinguished social systems: government, economic, and religion thatRead MoreChapter 7: Findings and Conclustions1382 Words   |  6 Pagesestablishing ap proaches. Since IS study is comprised from many discipline such as marketing, social psychology, economics, computer sciences, and etc., this research proposed operationalized, and empirically examine a comprehensive, frugal model that explains and predicts three dimension of user’s behavior toward adoption of a WPS and technology: acquiring information, giving personal details for personalized features, and navigating through personalized Website. 7.2 Research Findings and insights ThisRead MoreFinding A Hospital Or A Doctor735 Words   |  3 PagesThe most important desire while experiencing a health problem is finding a hospital or a doctor who would most appropriate for providing a solution to our health condition. Choosing a doctor is a typical problem related to information asymmetry as the information available is inefficient to take a proper decision. E-health is changing the scenario of clinical practice and medical care. Sharing knowledge and information can encourage individuals and makes the care/patient team relation with a patient

Child Justice And Criminal Evidence Act - 3284 Words

Since the 1970s, the plight of victims in the criminal justice system has become of significant interest and now plays a prominent role in the construction of domestic and international laws. In particular, in 1999, the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act (YJCEA hereafter) radically transformed the traditional adversarial trial model for receiving evidence from vulnerable and child witnesses by advocating a panoply of special measures to be utilised during criminal court proceedings. The purpose of such measures is to enhance the quality of children’s testimony through the use of screens to block the view of the perpetrator (s.23), the removal of wigs and gowns (s.26), help of intermediaries (s.29) and the use of video links to give evidence (s.21). Most significantly, following the recommendations in the 1989 report of the Home Office Advisory Group on video evidence - the Pigot Report , s. 27 and 28 YJCEA made provisions for pre-recorded cross-examination-in-chief and p re-recorded cross-examination respectively. After all, the cross-examination of a child who is a victim of a crime, particularly a sexual crime, is arguably one of the most challenging courtroom ordeals. However, s. 28 of the YJCEA has never been brought into force and still remains to be â€Å"the most controversial of all† measures within the 1999 Act (Hoyano Keenan, 2010). As a result, although children may be given the opportunity to pre-record the first part of their evidence, they must stillShow MoreRelatedThe Doctrinal Design Has Been Used To Study The Jurisprudential1425 Words   |  6 Pagesjurisprudential development in the areas of child witnesses, the reliability and admissibility problems of child witnesses. This has been done primarily with the help of case laws and leading judgments of various courts. 1.5 Research questions: a) Does the child have adequate cognitive skills for comprehending and accurately reporting the witnessed event? b) Can the child successfully discriminate actual events from the internal thoughts, images and fantasies? c) Can the child resist suggestions from variousRead MoreThe Age Of Criminal Responsibility1682 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this report is to understand the age of criminal responsibility in both England and Singapore. The report will include a comparative study on both countries, whilst evaluating the impact each criminal system has on the child. The main focus will be upon the key policies and legal frameworks emplace to support the imprisonment and punishment of children and young people. The definition for the age of criminal responsibility is disputed worldwide, however according to the NationalRead MoreThe Effectiveness of the Criminal Justice System in Dealing with Young Offenders1162 Words   |  5 PagesRights of a Child (CROC) had played invaluable role in charging the way in which young offenders are dealt with within the Australia Criminal Process. Including the introduction of the theory known as Doli Incapax meaning the age of criminal reasonability, the Young Offender Act 1997 NSW as well new law regarding the rights of a child once they have been arrested. It is evident that these while some of charges are still ineffective in dealing with Young Offenders within the Criminal Justice System theRead MoreThe Issues Of The Juvenile Justice Act820 Words   |  4 PagesQueensland is well known for its contrasting position on the youth justice system, contravening with the Conventions of the Right of the Child (CRC) and disregarding recommendations made by the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). The Juvenile Justice Act 1992 (QLD) is particularly scrutinized for containing legislation that states 17 year olds can be charged, tried and detained as an adults, giving courts the potential to overcharge punishments for juveniles and threatenRead MoreEssay on Roles Needs of a Criminal Justice Professional1378 Words   |  6 PagesRoles Needs of a Criminal Justice Professional Sarah Cavileer Kaplan University CJ100: Preparing For a Career in Public Safety September 18, 2012 As we all know – there are tons of social issues within the entire world that Criminal Justice Practitioners deal with, most likely, on a daily basis. One of the many social issues I’ve chosen is Prison Overcrowding. Prison Overcrowding is one of America’s most critical issues in the Criminal Justice system. Just as the name states, the problemRead MoreLegal Studies Assess the effectiveness of the Criminal Justice System in dealing with young offenders.1452 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Assess the effectiveness of the Criminal Justice System in dealing with young offenders. There are a few common reasons for young people to be involved in crime. These include poor parental supervision, drug and alcohol abuse, neglect and abuse, homelessness, negative peer associations and difficulties in school and employment. The criminal justice system effectively deals with young offenders through unique techniques to address the challenges of dealing with juvenile offending. Even thoughRead MoreBlacks : The Toys Of Police Officers1160 Words   |  5 Pages Blacks: The Toys of Police Officers Justice is defined as rules that should be applied regardless of your race, ethnicity, and religion. The criminal justice system has always been harsh and unfair toward Black people. Even though slavery was abolished, Black people are seen as the lowest race in the U.S which is totally abnormal. A lot of Black People were killed, but Justice has been mute and blind against Black people. Black Americans cannot walk freely in the streets without fearingRead MoreComputer Access and Information Storage1730 Words   |  7 Pagesin both criminal and civil proceedings. â€Æ' What legislation exists in Ireland to handle computer crime? Ireland does not have exclusive law that would deal with computer crime as such, but has two laws that can handle computer crimes. Criminal Damage Act 1991 (the â€Å"1991 Act†) deals with principal offences in section 2 and section 5 while Criminal Justice (Theft and Fraud Offences) Act, 2001 (the â€Å"2001 Act†) covers computer related offences in section 9 and section 48. Criminal Damage Act 1991 SectionRead MoreThe Juvenile Justice System For Juveniles1397 Words   |  6 PagesEarly in U.S. history, children who broke the law were treated the same as adult criminals. If you are a young person under the age of 18 and you commit a crime, you will have your case heard in the juvenile justice system. The thing is that, it hasn’t always gone that way. The idea of a separate justice system for juveniles is just over one hundred years old (American Bar). Where did juvenile justice come from? The law was in the image of the common law of England. William Blackstone, Blackstone’sRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Discriminatory And Does Not Do Anything About Crime1147 Words   |  5 Pagesdoing this, life without parole not only gives the criminal time to ponder on what they did, but also restrict them from entering the outside world again. In addition, the criminal experiences the pain and torment they put their victim through. However, the criminal justice system seeks o ut their own justice based off the criminal background, race, gender, and sometimes age. The definition of the word CHANGE, does not really exist in the criminal justice system, but the word PAST has a huge impact on

Christmas in Purgatory free essay sample

After seeing the video and receiving a glimpse into the lives of the people and families that had to live through the traumatic events that took place I completely agreed with the Christmas in Purgatory book that â€Å"there is a hell on earth. † One of the main things I realized from the video and class discussion was that helping better the education and accommodations for students with disabilities is a job for every educator. The video helped me relate the information to my own life by making me realize one major flaw that I failed to see in myself was thinking that because I am not a special education major it is not as important for me to help take the necessary steps to better the educational need of those with disabilities. After watching the Willowbrook video I realized that much of the problem with what happened may have begun with people who looked the other way because they thought it was of no concern of theirs. We will write a custom essay sample on Christmas in Purgatory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The images and video really helped me grasp the realness of what happened. It was truly something I had to see to believe. I think it related to the course information by really opening students eyes and making us want to learn more and do more to make things better for those with disabilities. The information I learned has made me realize that my view on what role I should play in helping students with disabilities was incredibly off. This fact really made me like the video because it helped give me a better perspective on things. It really brought to my attention the reality of what happened and how everyone needs to play a part in taking steps to make things better. I think the information we learned and discussed in class will truly make students want to help make a change. The video, images, and discussion will hopefully alter everyone’s perspective, like it has mine, for the better and make us work toward creating an improved learning environment for students with disabilities. The experience of completing this assignment was really exciting for me because I was able to learn something about myself and persons with disabilities that I had not known before. This information should impact everyone, including myself; to make sure that something this tragic never happens again.

Write an Essay Classifying People by the Way They Dress Essay Sample free essay sample

Peoples of modern society are really much concerned over what would be the appropriate garb for different occasions and intents. Each civilization and state impose a really different manner of frock. Therefore. people need to be wise in taking suited garb harmonizing to the conditions so that they look more confident. In Malaysia. people seem to split into three classs harmonizing to the type of apparels they are dressed in which are formal. informal and insouciant. The first class is people that wear formal frock which is consider to be professional wear. This garment is general term for vesture suited for formal societal occasions like marrying ceremonial and as a work garb. For a authorities staff sector. it is more polite for them to have on suits. pants. belts. shirts with a tie and places for the work forces and ‘Baju Melayu’ on Friday for those are Muslims while for a adult females. We will write a custom essay sample on Write an Essay Classifying People by the Way They Dress Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page they wear ‘Baju Kurung’ . All of these apparels are besides suited to be wear by university pupils when they attend to their categories. In formal occasions. normally the work forces will have on tuxedoes and for the adult females. they will have on a silk frock like gown. The 2nd class is people who wear informal apparels. This type of dressing are normally wear at markets. gardens and at house. Apparels that are really familiar and comfy to be wear at this state of affairs are round-neck jersey. tracksuit. ‘kain pelekat’ or ‘batik’ . pajama and slipper. All of these apparels emphasize relaxation of person and besides the topographic points that they are in. Peoples wear them depending on the conditions. For illustration. people wear round-neck jersey in the hot twenty-four hours and long sleeve collarless jersey in showery twenty-four hours. For ‘kain pelekat’ or ‘batik’ and pajama. they are largely use at dark as nightwear. The last class is people that wear insouciant garments. This type of garment is considered as less formal but non excessively informal. They normally wear this when they want to shopping promenade. societal events. informal parties and vacations. Casual apparels can be elegant and glamour wear with their different combinations. For illustrations. when a individual wears denim denims with a collared jersey and a brace of sandals. he looks really ordinary and simple. but if he wears the same jean denims with a collared jersey and insouciant places so he would look much smarter. Another insouciant apparels are sweater. blouses and flushing frock where it is appropriately wear in societal events or informal parties like birthday parties. Obviously. the most popular of all type of apparels is the insouciant vesture. this is due to its versatility in which it can be wear at anyplace. In decision. people change the manner they are dressing harmonizing to the topographic points. events and state of affairss. Peoples apply this to esteem and suite themselves with the fortunes. By the manner people dress will bespeak one’s attitude and their personalities toward people environing them.

Royal Mail Essay Example

Royal Mail Essay Principles of providing administrative services Assessment You should use this file to complete your Assessment. †¢ The first thing you need to do is save a copy of this document, either onto your computer or a disk †¢ Then work through your Assessment, remembering to save your work regularly †¢ When you’ve finished, print out a copy to keep for reference †¢ Then, go to www. vision2learn. com and send your completed Assessment to your tutor via your My Study area – make sure it is clearly marked with your name, the course title and the Unit and Assessment number.Please note that this Assessment document has 9 pages and is made up of 9 Sections. Name: Section 1 – Understand how to make and receive telephone calls 1. Complete the table below with descriptions of at least two different features of a telephone system and how / when they would be used. |Feature |How / when used | |1.On hold |This feature is used to hold incoming calls | | |This fea ture will be use while the correct recipient of the call is | | |located | | |This feature is used by pressing the hold button while getting the | | |right person extension number and check if the person is available | |2. Transfer |This feature enables you to transfer a call to another extension | |This feature will be use when someone doesn’t know the extension | | |they are after | | |This feature is used by pressing the transfer button. | 2. Prepare a brief report advising people on: †¢ How to follow organisational procedures when making and receiving telephone calls †¢ The purpose of giving a positive image of yourself and your organisation when making and receiving telephone calls.Making phone calls: being polite in all circumstances, remembering that you represent your organisation, , identify the caller, identify the caller’s needs ensuring that the messages for others are passed on as soon as possible, recording and supplying information accurately, giving the caller the best information possible . Receiving phone calls: answering quickly within 3 rings , introduce yourself and the organization, recognising information that must be kept secure and confidential, specify the outcome you want to achieve, identify who you are and the business you’re calling from. Even though the person at the other end of the line cannot see you, the manner in which you communicate presents an impression of you, your team and the business as a hole.It is important that you create a positive impression by: Speaking clearly Introducing yourself and greeting the person in an acceptable way Nor using slang Not being abrupt Making the caller feel that their call is important Ensuring that your tone of voice makes you sound positive and interested not bored or tired Presenting yourself in this way will create the impression that you are professional and customer-focused. This in turn will create a similar impression of the business. The cons equences of not doing so will be to lose potential or existing customers or clients. If possible, use specific information from procedures in your own organisation (or one that you are familiar with).Section 2 – Understand how to handle mail 1. Explain the purpose of correctly receiving, checking and sorting mail and packages (both incoming and outgoing). It is important to sort incoming mail in the manner that your business require will help not to lose any mail and every item will reach the correct person, it is important to date stamp and record any mail received if in case of a conflict you can prove. With the outgoing mail it is important to make sure that any enclosures are in the mail before sending, check the name , address on the mail , before sending need to ensure that the mail is dispatched according to its degree of urgency to reach on time.If mail and packages are not received and dispatched correctly : Information may be lost or send to the wrong person, items could be damaged, confidential information may be seen by unauthorised people, urgent enquires or request may not be dealt with in time, work could be delayed by incorrect franking, the organisation could lose potential and current customers or clients. 2. Complete the table below with the following information: †¢ At least two examples of internal mail services that are available to organisations †¢ At least two examples of external mail services that are available to organisations |Internal mail services |External mail services | |1. Reusable A4 envelops – this is what internal mail is circulated |1. Standard postal services and commercial couriers used for speed | |that are nsealed unless the contents is confidential marked as such|and security with Royal Mail | | | | | | | | | | | | | |2. Robust documents holders – in some legal business this containers |2.Packages and pallets some business are using this service for | |are used to provide more protection for the contents |local, national and international delivery with DHL, DPD, APC | | |overnight , Parcel Force, Fedex | | | | | | | | | | 3. Describe two methods that you can use to calculate postage charges for mail and / or packages. Postal charges for mail/packages are calculated according to a combination of the following : Weight – the staff at post office will weigh the parcel for the correct charge Size – size doesn’t affect you as long as you weight and pay the correct amount the staff at post office will tell you to place the parcel in a special bag or if is to big they will take it . Destination – national or international Urgency – first class, second class, courier delivery Value of the contents – recorded or registered delivery If your role involves sending mail you must ensure that postal charges are correct. Incorrect charges will affect the efficiency and profitability of the organization. Bering in mind any cost restrict ions imposed by the business organization you can compare two, three providers, use a comparison site. It helps to calculate postage charges by asking questions about the mail/package you sending out. After you can choose the best method for you and work out the cost of the postage. You can look at the delivery option available and select the most appropriate one.Section 3 – Understand how to use different types of office equipment 1. Describe the main types of equipment found in offices and how they are used. Include examples of at least three different types of office equipment. Computers are used for different purposes in different parts of the organization for example as word processors, for manipulating database, for publishing or computer modelling -Shredders – used for shredding paper work that is non useable follow guidelines about what should be shredded and when -Photocopiers – used to photocopy what is needed 2. Explain the purpose of following manuf acturer’s instructions when using equipment.If you do not follow instructions and damage occurs, the manufacturer’s warranty could be invalidated, you could endanger your health and safety and that of other people if you use equipment incorrectly, you are legally bound to follow training instructions provided by the employer, following manufactures ‘instructions will make efficient use of the machine, thereby saving money and minimising waste. 3. Explain the purpose of keeping equipment clean, hygienic and ready for the next user. If the equipment is left in an unfit state you will upset colleagues who use it next, you are legally obliged to maintain work equipment in a proper condition according to your employer’s instructions, if people have to spend time after you the efficiency and productivity of the business will be reduced, leaving equipment in an unfit state may put other people’s health and safety at risk, if you leave the equipment out of peration because of a fault , you should leave a note on the equipment so that other users will not try to use it and report what has happened straight away. Keeping the equipment hygienic will stop the spread of infections and the performance will be better than dirty equipment. The business will run smoother and everyone will be happy. Section 4 – Understand how to keep waste to a minimum in a business environment 1. Explain why waste should be kept to a minimum in a business environment. Wasted materials are a cost to the business so reducing waste saves money , by law waste materials as a result of making a product or delivering a service have to be stored and disposed of safely.Reducing waste therefore saves the cost of storage and transportation, minimising waste reduces the impact of the business on the environment by using fewer resources and reducing the environmental damage when disposing of it, there are legal requirements on all businesses to manage waste efficien tly to reduce environmental damage. A great deal of money will be spend on dealing with waste such as sorting moving and disposing of it, decreased competition comparing to other business, potential need to raise prices or look at reducing margins , delays causes by having wasted time and materials. Business that reduces waste will be more efficient, be more able to satisfy customers , be more likely to have a long term future. When using equipment it is important to keep it clean and hygienic which means free from dirt, germs, bacteria.For example food and drink should be kept well away from any equipment in case anything gets knocked over and causes damage. If you spill something on or near a piece of equipment you should clean up the spillage straight away. Make sure you know where cleaning products are located in your office and are familiar with the correct way to use them. 2. Identify at least two main causes of waste in a business environment. It is sometimes felt that office work has little impact on the environment because it is unlikely to pose a direct risk of pollution – unlike some manufacturing work. Nevertheless any business environment uses considerable amounts of resources.Main cause of waste in a business environment are stationery , energy and heating , human error , lack of training, failing to learn about what customers really want , over supply or under supply. One of the causes is ink and toner they are used up every time you print or photocopy a document so resume to print and copy essential documents . One other cause is electricity being used up all the time any electrical equipment is turned on . Leaving equipment running when nobody is using it, especially overnight is wasteful. Many types of electrical equipment have power-saving modes which can be set to activate as soon as a machine is idle for any time. Computer monitors should always be turned off at the end of the day as they use a large amound of energy. 3.How can you keep waste to a minimum in a business environment? Describe at least two ways of doing this. Printing or photocopying on both sides, reusing envelopes for internal mail, installing energy-efficient lighting, using electricity efficiently for equipment, minimising any transport cost. Using electricity efficiently – switching off lights and plugs before leaving, minimising any transport cost – having more than one person travelling by car and using public transport where possible. Section 5 – Know how to make arrangements for meetings 1. Complete the table below listing at least two different types of meetings and describing the main features of each type of meeting. Type of meeting |Main features | |Team, staff meetings |Involve business members assigned to a project who meet on regular | | |basis to discuss the progress of the project. In addition to team | | |members management often sits in the meeting keeping tracks of the | | |project progress. This can be w eekly monthly or on as needed basis. | |Management meetings |Administration and management get to discuss problems and situations| | |needing management attention.In the event that the only management | | |personnel attending of the company board of directors this meeting | | |is considered a board meeting. | |Briefing meetings |An informal meeting to update staff about a particular issue | | |attended by staff and the senior who does the update. | | | | 2. When arranging a meeting: †¢ What sources and types of information are typically needed? †¢ How should meetings be arranged?The sources of information needed for arranging a meeting are: Date time and duration The venue – where it is to be held Delegates – how many people are expected to attend What type of meeting it is – for example AGM, team meeting, conference or executive committee. This will determinate how the room is set out for example formal informal classroom boardroom or theatre. Wh at the agenda is Details of any proposed speakers and what equipment they might need if any. Any special requirements – for example disabled access or dietary Catering requirements – tea coffee , food Whether there is a budget allocated for the meeting Main Features |Type of meeting or committee | |Usually held every year to inform members or shareholders of |Annual general meeting | |previous and future activities | | |Has the power to take decisions that are binding on the organization|Executive committee | |Gives advices or makes recommendations |Advisory committee | |Is permanently in existence |Standing committee | |Is formed for a particular task and then disbanded |Ad-hoc committee | |Is part of a larger committee |Sub-committee | |Co-ordinates the activities of two or more committees |Joint committee | |An informal meeting to update staff about a particular issue |Briefing committee | |Regular meetings of the same group of staff who work in the same |Team m eeting | |area of the business | | Before the meeting you will need to: confirm the information you have already gathered such as the date, time and duration, prepare documentation needed such as the agenda and the minutes of the previous meeting, send out notice of the meeting, including date, time, duration and venue to delegates, along with the agenda and minutes.If any delegates are travelling to the meeting you may need to send travel information and directions, book the room or venue, taking account of any special requirements such as disabled access, or need for power points for equipment, Arrange any catering that is required, arrange seating in a way that is appropriate for the type of meeting, book any audio-visual or other equipment that is required and ensure that it is set up correctly and functions properly, ensure computer access if required. What you do during the meeting will depend upon your job role. It may include: taking the minutes, meeting and greeting delegat es, dealing with any special requirements, providing any sets of materials required by the delegates, attending to health safety and security issues, operating equipment, overseeing catering requirements.After the meeting it may include: distributing materials for delegates to take away, writing up the minutes or records of the meeting, delivering information to delegates by post or by hand. Section 6 – Understand procedures for organising travel and accommodation arrangements 1. Explain the purpose of confirming instructions and requirements for business travel and accommodation. If it is part of your job to arrange travel and accommodation for others in the business, you must always confirm instructions and requirements before making bookings. If instructions are not confirmed you might make bookings that are inappropriate not required or too expensive and you waste the business time.The purpose of confirming instructions and requirements for business travel and accommodati on is that you make sure there are no mistakes. 2. Complete the table below with an outline of the main types of business travel and accommodation arrangements that may need to be made and the procedures that should be followed when doing this. |Travel and accommodation arrangements |Procedures | |Train |Follow the organization policy and procedures, stick to the budget, | | |book tickets, onfirming times places names(make sure you ask for | | |the spelling of the place so you don’t make any mistakes , date of | | |birth, check distance to train station , 1st/2nd class, arrange | | |complimentary drinks lunch, wifi for extra work , is there necessary| | |a taxi from the train station to the destination, limit for spending| |Airplane |Follow the organization policy and procedures, book tickets, | | |passport details, insurance, confirming times places names, taxi | | |from and to airport, if the passenger has any food restrictions in | | |order to order the right meal, spendin g limit, stick to the budget | |Car |Follow the organization policy and procedures (different business | | |different procedures) find out the distance the cost of petrol if is| | |necessary to travel by car and if this version is cheaper. |Taxi |Follow the organization policy and procedures, confirming times | | |places names you can even compare two three taxi companies for the | | |cheapest one so you can be in the budget limit. | 3. Explain the purpose of keeping records of travel / accommodation arrangements in a business environment. Travel and accommodation arrangements that will need to be recorded are :the requirements of the staff members, research into different options, bookings, expenditure, discounts and refunds received, feedback. Keeping records of travel and accommodation bookings is important because they may e required : for future audit and accounting purposes, so that the whereabouts of staff is known, to enable expenses claim to be checked and paid , for future reference in relation to value for money, as a source of information for future bookings. This shows that the business is well organized. By keeping good records you will have an accurate financial information that can determinate future travel costs, the information can be easily access by different members of staff even if the person who did the bookings are not available, the organization can rely on the information they store for future reference regarding quality, cost etc. Section 7 – Understand diary management procedures 1. Briefly explain the purpose of using a diary system to plan activities at work. Give at least two reasons.In any business environment, no matter how big or small, diaries need to be used so that people know what they have to do and where they have to be at certain times. It is necessary to use diaries in a business environment because: the business cannot rely on people remembering meetings and appointments in their heads because there could be so much that needs to be done, arrangements are often made through other people such as secretarial staff, so the person concerned will not be aware of the arrangements unless it has been written down, diaries ensure that times and dates of meetings or appointments do not clash, diaries make sure that people’s activities are co-ordinated and do not overlap or duplicate – therefore enabling an efficient use of time and human resources . 2.Identify the information needed to maintain a diary system in the workplace. Information needed to maintain a diary system in the work place (always have in mind the 5W’s – who, what, when, where, why) are: who is coming to the meeting, people involved, what is the meeting about subject or type of appointment, when is the meeting dates and times, where is the meeting venue or place, why are you having the meeting. You may find that the diary systems are maintained by making new entries, inserting repeated appointments, and deleting or amending entries if there are changes. It is important that diaries are maintained correctly and kept up to date or the system will break down and planned activities will be disrupted.If it is part of your job role to manage diaries for other people, you must ensure that you inform them of the entries to the diary so that they can plan their activities. You must also ensure that any changes are communicated to the people who are affected so that their time is not wasted by turning up for an event that has been changed to a different time, date or place. The diaries of some people may be confidential. If you have to manage such a diary you will need to know security features such as passwords and observe procedures for maintaining confidentiality. Section 8 – Understand the purpose of delivering effective customer service and how to do so 1. What are the differences between internal and external customers in a business environment?Although customers are usually tho ught of as members of the public who buy products or services from a business, customers can also come from another part of the same organization. For example, large organizations may be divided into different sections that seek goods or services from each other. These could be parts of a product or service that your section produces and then passes on the section that needs it. Even your more immediate colleagues can be regarded as internal customers: team colleagues, supervisors, staff in other teams. Even though they may not be buying something from you , they are still customers for the services that make up your job. As with the external customers they will expect a high quality service and if you do not provide it , you may find out that your services are no longer required .External customers are people who require goods and services and will buy them from the business that provides them with what they want. Types of external customers differ depending on the nature of the bu siness environment , but could include: clients, patients, quests, visitors, individuals or groups, people of different cultures, ages, genders, races, people with disabilities, people with special requirements, external organisations, which are suppliers or buyers. In my work place I do get information about my clients from internal customers (senior support worker, service manager ) and from external customers (parents, social workers, GP’s) 2. Explain why customer service should meet or exceed customer expectations. Include at least three reasons in your answer.It is important to satisfy or exceed customers’ expectations for the following reasons : customers will return and buy more goods or services from the business , customers will spend money with the business, customers will recommend you to others, time will be saved dealing with complains, the reputation of the business will attract more customers, excellent service may enable the business to charge more for its products, the business will be competitive, enabling further growth and investments. 3. Explain the importance of building positive relationships with customers. Outline two ways in which this can be achieved. It is important for you to build positive relationships with your internal and external customers. If customers feel that they have a positive relationship with the people they deal with it will enhance the reputation of the business, encourage customers to repeat their business with your organization, increase customer satisfaction, make the business more competitive.The purpose of positive relationships is to retain current customers and attract new ones. Ways in which you can achieve positive relationships with customers are : knowing details about the product or service so that the customer feels confident about what you say to them, try to find ways of looking happy and positive when dealing with customers, making customers feel important and valued – for examp le , never giving them the impression that they are being a nuisance, or showing that you are bored or uninterested in what they want, helping them to meet their needs – for example , giving them advice if they are undecided about what they want, keeping any promises or commitments hat you make – for example about delivery times, products or services specifications or after sale services, dealing promptly with any complaints. 4. How do customers demonstrate their own needs and expectations? Customers show their needs and expectations by what they say and the questions they ask . Therefore you must listen carefully to their questions and requests. You have to be aware of how customers demonstrate their needs and expectations and respond positively to encourage customer satisfaction. Being aware to the additional needs and expectations in terms of: hearing or sight impairment, language difficulties, physical disabilities, learning difficulties.It will be helpful if the b usiness has a feedback form that customers can fill in and letting the business know the like and dislikes, the services they got etc so the business can analyze and improve , business can use surveys or get the information from former customers . Some other methods are focus form – where customers or potential ones are put into small groups and encouraged to discuss aspects of the products or services they buy. The aim of focus form is to identify any things that should influence current and future products or services . Customers complains – customers are offering clear insights into their needs and expectations. They will talk about what they wanted and expected and why they feel the need to complain.Section 9 – Understand the purpose of reception services and how to follow reception procedures 1. What is the purpose of the receptionist role as the first point of contact in a business environment? The receptionist is the first point of contact that customers or clients have with a business and the purpose of a receptionist is to receive visitors to the organization in a positive, professional and welcoming way. The role of a receptionist covers the following aspects: meeting and welcoming visitors, escorting visitors if necessary, ensuring that any necessary health, safety and security procedures are carried out, informing visitors or callers of ny security or confidentiality issues , making appointments and bookings, receiving and distributing mails, giving information to callers and dealing with any enquires. 2. Describe how a receptionist can present a positive image of themselves and the organisation and explain why this is important. In order to present the business in a positive and welcoming way a receptionist must present themselves and their work area in this way. They can do this by being aware of their personal presentation , verbal and non verbal communication, attitude, knowledge of the organization, reception work area. Th e purpose of presenting a positive image at reception is to create a good first impression and maintain an efficient and welcoming image of the business.To present a positive image of yourself and the organization you have to: -Have a good personal presentation – neat, clean, tidy, dressed appropriately for the job -Be aware of your verbal and non-verbal communication – use clear and correct speech. No use of slang or swear words. No use of familiar forms of address. Tone of voice should be even calm if the caller or visitor is angry or confused. Non-verbal communication should not suggest defence, anger or lack of respect. Do not fold arms or slouch. Eye contact should be normal – not staring or looking away. -Be aware of your attitude – should be helpful, positive, interested, and polite. -Your knowledge of the organization – you should know about the structure and personnel in the organization so that visitors or callers can efficiently directed to the right place. Transferring calls – ensure that the call is transferred to the correct person -Taking messages – messages should be taken accurately and be legible to the other people if handwritten. The purpose of presenting a positive image at reception is to create a good first impression and maintain an efficient and welcoming image of the business. 3. In relation to your own organisation (or one that you are familiar with), explain what must be done when carrying out entry, departure, security and confidentiality procedures in a reception area. Entry activities : unlocking, access to keys, authorised key holder , disabling alarms, switching on power, heating and equipment. Departure activities: locking up, depositing keys, setting alarms, setting CCTV, switching off power, heating and equipment.Security and confidentiality activities: signing people in and out, checking the purpose of the visit, issuing and collecting visitor ID, sitting computer screens out of public view, safeguarding any confidentiality documents in the reception area, disposing of any confidential material correctly , safeguarding personal information about employees. Entry and exit of visitors must be controlled according to procedures for reasons of health and safety and security. All visitors have to log in and log out in a log book when enter or leave the premises, register the car plates number in case they need to be contacted to move they cars, issue ID badges for visitors so they can easily be identified . Once you have completed all 9 Sections of this Assessment, go to www. vision2learn. com and send your work to your tutor for marking.

Boeing Business Analysis Essay Example

Boeing Business Analysis Essay Example Boeing Business Analysis Paper Boeing Business Analysis Paper Boeing Business Analysis MGT/ 521 10/10/11 Boeing Business Analysis Before take the decision whether or not invest money in a company it is imperative to analyze the overall situation of the company. Boeing was selected for study because, as representing American big business at the millennium, the company was reputable an unsullied by financial scandals. Boeing is engaged in the design, development, manufacturing, sale and support of the commercial jetliners, military aircraft, satellites, missile defense systems and services. Boeing is situated in the 36th position out to the fortune 500 which is very suitable however as the economy is changing it is imperative to perform a SWOT analysis in deep in order to know the company better and understand they overall situation. Strength By their power and influence Boeing has several strengths and one of them is the leadership in innovation. Inside the commercial jet industry and government sector Boeing is known a leader in innovation models of technology defined by their performance an supported by their technical expertise. Another one is that Boeing has a strong reputation of quality and long-standing costumer relationships. Therefore they have built the image of being a company constantly capable of delivering exciting new models that meet the stringent demand of their many and widely varied costumers. To finish whit strengths it is their successful participation in multiple, diverse market segments. Not only are they the market leader in the commercial jet industry, they have increased their share of the military and space markets. Lastly, the multiple markets allow them to preserve synergy between these businesses. Weaknesses As well as strengths Boeing has weaknesses that are important to address. First weakness and the most relevant to aim is the development cost for new products. Because this company is innovative and have a strong reputation in providing high quality the cost to produce their invocation is high. Second material to work whit. As a result these provoke a domino effect causing the delay in the conclusion of their projects production and the inability to predict a new production cycle. Lastly, Boeing has a strong position in the aerospace and defense industry. This strong position provides the company a competitive advantage. However, intense competition across all business segments of Boeing could erode the market share of the company and could also affect its profit margins. Opportunities Inside the opportunities Boeing has increasing demand for the commercial airplanes. This is derivate of the world challenge changing market and the rise of the new air business, as well as the rapid growth of air travel in the world’s wide. Also the emerging economies such as India and China are expecting to increase military modernization therefore this become an opportunity in the defense sector. Threats One of the threats is the intense competition in the aircraft market and the airline industry. The commercial jet aircraft market and the airline industry remain extremely competitive therefore Boeing faces aggressive international competitors being Airbus it principal competitor. Another threat is the great east Japan earthquake impact. Japan were forced to halt their operations due to severe damage caused by earthquake to their buildings and manufacturing facilities. Boeing is dependent on Japanese suppliers for aircraft components. Lastly threats is the increasing jet fuel prices. In recent past, the prices of jet fuel have increased sharply, hurting the bottom lines of most airlines. After reviewing the SWOT analysis, it is important to determine which stakeholders are most important in particular whether their interest and needs coincide whit the Boeing viewpoint. Internal stakeholders Employees: Boeing employees demand a safe and secure work environment that fosters communication, productivity, creativity, teamwork, and employee engagement. Also, employees require compensation and benefits that are fair and equitable for the type of work and geographic location (local market) where the work is being performed and competitive whit other word-class companies. Shareholders: The shareholders expectation is to obtain a profit and superior return on their assets. External stakeholders Government: which is the primary corporate stakeholder and the final arbiter of what corporations must do and Boeing is aware of their necessities. Because government is constantly changing and no government last forever, Boeing is entailed to complete all government ordinances such as taxes, employment law, international relationship, quality on their military instruments etc. Customers: Boeing deals whit its customers in a fair and impartial manner their business are won or lost on the merits of Boeing products and services making special efforts and focus on providing customers whit accurate and valid information. Communities: Corporate citizenship is the responsibility of the entire Boeing community. The Boeing Company recognizes the critical role it plays in the many diverse communities where they have presence, and they take that role seriously. Their sustained involvement in the community is an important element of Boeing culture and integral part of the way they do business. Boeing maintains their commitment to good citizenship by contributing cash, in-kind and surplus donations, and the expertise of our people. Also, they support programs that encourage the charitable generosity and volunteer spirit of their employees and retirees. Workplace giving is focused through the Employees Community Fund, which is the largest employee-owned charitable organization in the world. Boeing people at every level are encourage to become involved in their communities, and they recognize outstanding community service through annual awards for employee and retiree volunteers. Suppliers: The relationship whit their third-party providers, including consultants and contact labor, are definite by contracts, which are base on lawful, ethical, fair and efficient practices. Boeing relationship whit suppliers are based on mutual trust, integrity and comminent to the highest ethical principles. Procurement decisions are made based on factor such as quality, service, price, delivery, and best value. Care is taken to avoid conflicts and the appearance of partiality. Also the expectation of the supplier are based in three main proposes. First, to promote full and open competition based on their specification and evaluation criteria that allow suppliers to respond. Second, to obtain the best possible products and service at the best value. Third, to eliminate waste, fraud and abuse. In summary Boeing is committed to the highest standards of ethical and business conduct as it relates to the procurement of goods and services. Boeing ensures their success by satisfying their customers and increasing shareholder value. In addition Boeing is committed to the highest standards of ethical and business conduct as it relates to the procurement of goods and services. The relationships whit their costumer, employee, third-party providers, including our consultants and contract labor, are defined by contracts, which are based on lawful, ethical, fair and efficient practices.

Argumentative research paper on abortion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Argumentative research paper on abortion - Essay Example gues that what should be socially acceptable as a reason for a woman to pursue abortion should be limited to those like rape, as abortion should be regarded as the last resort for birth control, or not to make it as a resort at all. As apparent in the Anti-abortion law campaign in South Dakota, abortion has been viewed as the last resort for unwanted pregnancies. To some, the extent of granting abortion to women should only include the cases where women where victims of rape or incest. â€Å"Supporters countered that the law would allow doctors to protect the lives of pregnant women with medical problems. They also argued that rape and incest victims would be protected by a provision that says nothing in the abortion ban would prevent women from getting emergency contraceptives up to the point a pregnancy could be determined.†Ã¢â‚¬â€on South Dakota anti-abortion law campaign, from USA Today. To make abortion the last resort for birth control stems from these people’s stand that there are a number of different contraceptives available. However, this is a naà ¯ve assumption that contraceptives are 100% effective. Banning abortion means limiting women’s right to control their fertility. While there are limited acceptable reasons for allowing abortion to happen, this results in a lot of unwanted pregnancies that result into forced motherhood. On the other hand, pro-choice movements argue that abortion is relevant to women as it reinforces the right of women to control their fertility. This leads to the concept of making motherhood a choice, which when being related to restricting the acceptability of reasons for abortion to those like rape, means encouragement of forced motherhood. â€Å"Abortion is a crucial backstop for contraception, it’s the birth control method of last resort. It’s impossible for women to really control their fertility without access to abortion because no contraceptive is 100% effective, and because women can’t always access birth control